机载叶簇穿透超宽带SAR系统关键指标设计

对影响叶簇穿透超宽带SAR系统性能的三个最主要的技术参量 (工作频率、极化形式和分辨率 )进行了深入系统的分析 ,其结论性意见对超宽带雷达系统顶层设计有实用参考价值     

钝体高超声速气动加热与结构热传递耦合的数值计算

气动加热与结构热传递耦合问题在航天和工程应用领域非常重要。分别采用松耦合与紧耦合方法,数值模拟了高超声速二维圆管绕流的流场与结构传热耦合的非定常过程。在紧耦合方法中,流场部分采用基于Navier Stokes方程的有限体积法,将AUSM+格式与时间方向的显式多步Runge Kutta法结合;结构传热部分采用基于二维热传导方程的Galerkin有限元法。流场与结构区通过交界面的热流和温度边界条件实现耦合。计算结果分别与实验、文献做了对比,结构内部温度变化关系以及壁面的热流分布均较好地吻合。两种耦合方式的计算结果对比表明,对于流场特征时间远小于结构传热特征时间的问题,松耦合方法计算效率高,精度与紧耦合方法接近。     

不同密度弹丸对靶板的损伤仿真与评估研究

为研究不同密度弹丸对武器装备的损伤，建立弹丸侵彻多层靶板的有限元模型，对不同密度弹丸侵彻多层靶板进行仿真试验。不同于传统的宏观破口尺寸损伤表征参数，引入等效应变及等效应力幅值来精确描述靶板损伤，并提出了一种基于多元统计分析对靶板损伤进行评估的方法。计算结果表明：利用该方法所得到的评估结果与理论分析结果完全一致。这说明基于多元统计分析的靶板损伤评估方法是切实可行的，可以进一步应用于装备损伤评估与易损性研究中。     

基于概率模型的弹道导弹突防措施分析

从作战效率的角度,建立多层防御系统的概率模型,分析单层防御系统性能变化对整体的影响;建立目标毁伤概率模型,分析单个目标命中概率对单层防御系统性能的影响;建立单层防御系统的贝努利实验模型,分析识别能力和毁伤能力对系统效能的影响.通过这些简单的概率模型,反向分析探讨了针对分层防御系统的弹道导弹突防问题.     

改进Dijkstra算法在雷达突防中的应用

飞行器雷达突防是现代战争中自我保护的重要手段.综合考虑了雷达威胁和航程的影响,建立了关于雷达威胁模型和航程的代价函数.针对传统的Dijkstra算法搜索空间大,搜索效率低的问题,进行了改进,并考虑飞行器的偏航角约束,提出了基于栅格的Dijkstra算法.对简单雷达突防和复杂雷达突防进行了仿真验证.仿真结果表明:该算法不仅能较好地回避雷达威胁,而且较好地提高了搜索速度.     

目标对抗条件下反舰导弹突防概率计算与分析

针对反舰导弹攻击水面舰艇的特点,在分析目标舰艇对反舰导弹发现概率的基础上,研究了目标舰艇采用各种手段对抗来袭导弹时对反舰导弹突防概率的影响。设计了分别适应冲淡干扰、转移干扰、质心干扰、对空导弹抗击和近程火炮抗击的一系列数学模型,并推导出突防概率的计算公式,仿真分析验证了所建立模型的正确性。该公式不仅考虑到了目标舰艇对来袭导弹的发现概率,而且顾及到了可能用到的所有对抗手段,比较符合实际情况,由此得出的结论对水面舰艇攻击战术有一定的参考价值。     

横向效应增强型弹丸正侵穿金属薄靶轴向剩余速度近似计算与分析

运用冲击波理论,对横向效应增强型弹丸(Penetration with Enhanced Lateral Efficiency,PELE)侵穿金属靶板的机理进行了分析,将PELE侵彻过程中能量损失分为外壳撞击靶板区域环形塞块获得的能量,内芯撞击靶板区域塞块获得的能量,冲击波影响范围内外壳和内芯增加的内能,外壳前端外沿和内沿对靶板冲塞剪切耗能等几部分,给出了确定这些能量的计算方法;并依据能量守恒原理,给出了PELE正撞金属薄靶板靶后剩余速度的近似计算公式。公式计算结果与多种条件下实验结果均吻合较好。分析计算所得各能量损失结果表明,弹体内芯材料的变化对弹体侵彻能力的影响较小;侵彻中靶板塞块获得的能量在弹体侵彻动能损失中比重最大;外壳前端内沿对靶板的剪切能耗对弹体动能损失的影响可以忽略。     

陶瓷/薄钢板复合结构靶板抗高速侵彻性能研究

为探讨陶瓷/薄钢板复合结构靶板(ceramic/thin steel targets,CS靶板)的抗高速侵彻机理,通过弹道试验,分析了3 mm厚SiC陶瓷层和0.6 mm厚钢板层的CS靶板的破坏模式和抗侵彻性能,并与面密度基本相同的纯钢板进行了比较。在此基础上,基于能量守恒原理,建立了CS靶板抗高速侵彻的理论预测模型,并与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明,CS靶板中前陶瓷层的存在,使得后钢板层的破坏模式由剪切冲塞转变为花瓣开裂,大大提升了后钢板层的抗侵彻吸能效率,从而使得CS靶板的整体抗侵彻性能高于等面密度的纯钢板,CS靶板的整体抗侵彻效率较等面密度纯钢板提升15%以上;弹体穿透CS靶板后的剩余速度理论预测值与试验结果吻合较好,相对误差均在5%以内,验证了理论模型的合理性和有效性。     

Resistance of grid steel-tube-confined concrete targets against projectile impact: Experimental investigation and analytical engineering model

Steel-tube-confined concrete (STCC) targets are provided with excellent anti-penetration performance over semi-infinite concrete (SIC) targets since the steel tube imposes passive restraint on the in-filled concrete during the penetration process. Grid STCC system with square steel tubes is a potential solution to protective structures. In this paper, experiments of 9-cell grid STCC targets penetrated by 12.7 mm Armor Piercing Projectile (APP) were performed. The influence of side length and thickness of steel tube, steel ratio and impact velocity on anti-penetration performance were taken into account. Additionally, single-cell square STCC targets were also designed and tested for comparison with the 9-cell grid STCC targets. Damage modes and parameters of the tested targets were measured and discussed. Moreover, the stiffness of radial confinement of grid STCC targets is achieved according to the elastic solution of infinite cylindrical shell in Winkler medium. Furthermore, the penetration resistance and depth of penetration (DOP) for grid STCC targets are obtained on the basis of the dynamic finite spherical cavity-expansion (FSCE) models including radial confinement effect. It is shown that the 9-cell grid STCC targets with optimal dimension match of thickness and side length of steel tube can reduce the DOP by about 17 % and 23 % in comparison with the SIC targets and single-cell square STCC targets, respectively, due to both the confinement of square steel tube to concrete in the impacted cell and the additional confinement of the surrounding cells to the impacted cell; the penetration resistance and DOP of the grid and cellular STCC targets with similar steel ratio is close, and thus the grid STCC targets with simpler manufacturing process and excellent in-plane expandability are preferred in engineering practice; moreover, the predicted results of DOP model based on the FSCE models agree well with the tested results with the maximum disparity less than 12 % and the proposed model is more applicable to the grid and cellular STCC targets with high radial confinement.     

Problem of the reference height of the projectile trajectory as a reduced meteo-ballistic weighting factor

This paper deals with the issue of preparation of the aiming angles with the use of tabular firing tables and needed determination of the ballistic elements μ_B (ballistic wind w_B, w_xB, w_ZB, ballistic (virtual) temperature τ_B, ballistic density ρ_B) from the standardized met messages. The weighting factors are used for the calculation of ballistic elements μ_B that are incorporated into the trajectory calculations characteristics of weapon and ammunition. Two different methodologies practically used in the praxis are analysed and compared. For the comparison of the two methodologies the reference height of trajectory determined from the weighting factor functions is employed. On the basis of the analyses conducted, the potential for further increase in accuracy of these aiming angles preparation methods is pointed out.